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On subsurface box-shaped lined tunnel under incident SH-wave propagation

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 948-960 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0740-x

摘要： In this paper, a half-plane time-domain boundary element method is applied to obtain the seismic ground response, including a subsurface box-shaped lined tunnel deployed in a linear homogenous elastic medium exposed to obliquely incident SH-waves. Only the boundary around the tunnel is required to be discretized. To prepare an appropriate model by quadratic elements, a double-node procedure is used to receive dual boundary fields at corners as well as change the direction of the normal vector. After encoding the method in a previously confirmed computer program, a numerical study is carried out to sensitize some effective parameters, including frequency content and incident wave angle for obtaining a surface response. The depth and impedance ratio of the lining are assumed to be unvaried. The responses are illustrated in the time and frequency domains as two/three-dimensional graphs. The results showed that subsurface openings with sharp corners distorted the propagation path of the anti-plane waves to achieve the critical states on the ground surface. The present approach can be proposed to civil engineers for preparing simple underground box-shaped models with angular boundaries.

关键词： box-lined tunnel half-plane BEM surface response SH-wave time-domain

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Cohesive zone model-based analyses of localized leakage of segmentally lined tunnels

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 503-521 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0927-4

摘要： This paper presents a novel approach for simulating the localized leakage behavior of segmentally lined tunnels based on a cohesive zone model. The proposed approach not only simulates localized leakage at the lining segment, but also captures the hydromechanically coupled seepage behavior at the segmental joints. It is first verified via a tunnel drainage experiment, which reveals its merits over the existing local hydraulic conductivity method. Subsequently, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of the aperture size, stratum permeability, and spatial distribution of drainage holes on the leakage behavior, stratum seepage field, and leakage-induced mechanical response of the tunnel lining. The proposed approach yields more accurate results than the classical local hydraulic conductivity method. Moreover, it is both computationally efficient and stable. Localized leakage leads to reduced local ground pressure, which further induces outward deformation near the leakage point and slight inward deformation at its diametrically opposite side. A localized stress arch spanning across the leakage point is observed, which manifests as the rotation of the principal stresses in the adjacent area. The seepage field depends on both the number and location of the leakage zones. Pseudostatic seepage zones, in which the seepage rate is significantly lower than that of the adjacent area, appear when multiple seepage zones are considered. Finally, the importance of employing the hydromechanical coupled mechanism at the segment joints is highlighted by cases of shallowly buried tunnels subjected to surface loading and pressure tunnels while considering internal water pressure.

关键词： segmentally lined tunnel localized leakage cohesive element hydraulic behavior numerical modeling

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三峡工程水工建筑物关键技术

钮新强

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 340-349 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.006

摘要：

三峡工程是治理和开发长江的关键性骨干工程，是当今世界最大的水利枢纽工程。其工程规模和综合效益巨大，工程技术复杂，设计难度超出了世界已建水利水电工程，在工程设计研究过程中提出并运用了一系列新的设计理论和方法，攻克了多层大孔口泄水重力坝、巨型机组水电站、高水头大型连续多级船闸等重要水工建筑物的多项关键技术难题。

关键词：三峡大孔口重力坝坝后背管变顶高尾水洞稳定拱全衬砌船闸

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Effect of inlet box on performance of axial flow fans

LI Jingyin, TIAN Hua, YUAN Xiaofang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 390-394 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0087-1

摘要： Numerical investigations on 3D flow fields in an axial flow fan with and without an inlet box have been extensively conducted, focusing on the variation of fan performance caused by the internal flow fields and the velocity evenness at the exit of the inlet box. It is interesting to find that although the inlet box is well designed in accordance with basic design principles, there is a flow separation region in it. Furthermore, this flow separation and the resulting uneven velocity distribution at the exit lead to some decrease in the efficiency and an increase in the total pressure rise of the fan. This research shows that the inlet box needs further improvement and such a check on the flow fields is of value for the design of inlet boxes.

关键词： box velocity distribution accordance Numerical variation

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Safety assessment for buried drainage box culvert under influence of underground connected aisle blasting

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 191-204 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0906-1

摘要： Blasting engineering in complex urban environments is considered to influence the safety and stability of the overlying drainage box culvert structure owing to vibration. Therefore, field blasting and vibration tests were performed on the blasting engineering of the Wuhan Metro Line 8 connected aisle, and the LS-DYNA software was used to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of an underground drainage box culvert during the blasting test. The vibration response evolution law of the buried drainage box culvert under blasting vibration was investigated, and a safe surface control standard for the blast vibration of a drainage box culvert is proposed. The results reveal that the maximum tensile stress of the box culvert structure was 0.33 MPa. The peak particle velocity (PPV) and peak tensile stress (PTS) of the drainage box culvert decreased as the water level in the box culvert increased. Based on the relationship between the tensile stress of the box culvert, PPV of the box culvert, and PPV of the surface, it is proposed that the surface control velocity of the buried drainage box culvert is 1.36 cm/s.

关键词： drainage box culvert underpass blasting dynamic response numerical simulation safety assessment

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Experimental monitoring of the strengthening construction of a segmental box girder bridge and field

Ali Fadhil NASER, Zonglin WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 308-320 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0140-3

摘要： Prestressed concrete segmental box girder bridges are composed of short concrete segments that are either precast or cast in situ and then joined together by longitudinally post-tensioning internal, external, or mixed tendons. The objectives of this study are to monitor the construction process of the external prestressing tendons to strengthen the bridge structure and perform a field load test to measure the strain and the deflection of the anchorage devices of the external prestressing tendons to determine the state of these devices after tension forces are applied. The monitoring process of the external prestressing tendons construction includes inspecting the cracks in the diaphragm anchorage and the deviation block devices before the tension forces are applied to the external tendons; measuring the deformation of the steel deviation cross beam during the tension process; measuring the deformation of the box girder after different levels of tension forces are applied; measuring the elongation of the external tendons in each level of the tension; and measuring the natural frequency of the external tendons after the tension process is complete. The results of the monitoring process show that the measured values of the deformation, the elongation, and the natural frequency meet the requirements. Therefore, there is no damage during the construction and the tensioning of the external prestressing tendons. A field load test is performed to the anchorage beam, the steel deviation block devices, and the steel deviation cross beam. The field load test results of the anchorage devices show that the values of the strains, the stresses, and the deflection are less than the respective allowable limit values in the requirements. Therefore, the anchorage devices have sufficient strength, and the working state is good after the tension forces are applied to the external prestressing tendons.

关键词： prestressed concrete box girder monitoring external tendons strain deflection

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Experimental study on concrete box culverts in trenches

Baoguo CHEN, Junjie ZHENG, Jie HAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 73-80 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0008-3

摘要： Concrete box culverts are widely used in expressways in mountain areas. Many problems frequently take place due to improperly estimated vertical earth pressures on culverts. The prevailing Chinese General Code for Design of Highway Bridges and Culverts (CGCDHBC) stipulates the computation of the design load on culverts primarily based on the linear earth pressure theory, which cannot accurately describe the variation of the vertical load on culverts in trenches. In this paper, a full-scale experiment and numerical simulation were conducted to evaluate the variation of vertical earth pressures on culvert and soil arching in backfill. The variations of foundation pressure and settlement were also analyzed. The result revealed that the soil arch forms when the backfill on the culvert reaches a certain height. The soil arching effect reduces the stress concentration on the crown of the culvert but it is unstable. The vertical earth pressure on top of the culvert is significantly different from that recommended by the CGCDHBC

关键词： culvert vertical earth pressure soil arch full-scale experiment numerical simulation

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Temperature variation of concrete box girder bridge

Jian WANG, Zhi FANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 407-413 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0053-y

摘要： On the basis of theoretical analysis and measurement on site, the temperature gradients and its variation on concrete box girder bridges resulting from ambient temperature, solar radiation, and structural temperature fields were discussed. With the help of the heat transfer theory and finite element method (FEM), the heat flux of the surface of concrete box girder was carried out, and all the heat fluxes were described as the convection. The results were compared with that from field measurements, and a good correlation was found. It was revealed that the methods, the parameters, the boundary condition used in this paper were reasonable. Last, some conclusions were obtained, which could provide the basis for box girder design under solar radiation.

关键词： temperature transfer correlation radiation variation

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Trial design of arch bridge of composite box section with steel web-concrete flange

Jiangang WEI, Qingwei HUANG, Baochun CHEN,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 370-375 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0073-7

摘要： The concrete arch bridge is a natural and appropriate structural solution, aesthetically pleasing and easily integrated into the environment, especially in mountainous and island areas. However, construction difficulty and cost will increase with heavy self-weight when the span enlarges. A potential solution is to use a composite box arch ring with steel web-concrete flange. Taking Wanzhou Yangtze River Bridge (the longest concrete arch bridge in the world with a main span of 420 m) as a prototype, trial designs of a composite box arch with steel webs (including corrugated steel webs and plain steel webs) and concrete flanges were carried out. Comparison of quantities and structural behaviors of the prototype concrete arch with the two trial designed composite arch was presented. It is shown that the self-weight of the composite arch can reduce about 28% and the structures can meet the design requirements, therefore it is possible to use the two composite arches in long span arch bridges.

关键词： steel webs concrete box arch trial design structural behaviors finite element method

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泰州大桥钢箱梁除湿研究

李林,许郡

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第5期页码 10-13

摘要：

泰州大桥主桥钢箱梁长2 160 m，体积约24万m³，采用转轮式除湿系统。阐述了泰州大桥钢箱梁除湿的原理、选型及布置、工作流程、施工等，并拟定了泰州大桥钢箱梁除湿的检验评定标准，为同类工程提供了借鉴。

关键词：泰州大桥钢箱梁除湿研究

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潜运沉管建闸方法

周君亮

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第11期页码 78-83

摘要：

潜运沉管建闸适用在航运发达的顺直河道上建设水工建筑物。闸位取在原来航道上，闸室和闸门口径可以与航道等宽，运行期不碍航；闸室的钢筋混凝土的浇筑，预埋、闸门和启闭设备的安装和调试等都可在预制场内完成；预制场灌水后，确定闸身潜运时的有效质量和底板底高程，使潜运及在航道内的定位工作十分简便；可以水上拆装和动水开关闸门；施工风险小，施工期短，临时工程少，工程造价省。

关键词：潜运沉管建闸方法水上拆装闸门

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Field test on temperature field and thermal stress for prestressed concrete box-girder bridge

Baoguo CHEN, Rui DING, Junjie ZHENG, Shibiao ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 158-164 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0002-9

摘要： A field test was conducted to investigate the distribution of temperature field and the variation of thermal stress for a prestressed concrete (PC) box-girder bridge. The change of hydration heat temperature consists of four periods: temperature rising period, constant temperature period, rapid temperature fall period and slow temperature fall period. The peak value of hydration heat temperature increases with the increasing casting temperature of concrete; the relation between them is approximately linear. According to field tests, the thermal stress incurred by hydration heat may induce temperature cracks on the PC box-girder. Furthermore, the nonlinear distribution of temperature gradient and the fluctuation of thermal stress induced by exposure to sunlight were also obtained based on continuous in-situ monitoring. Such results show that the prevailing Chinese Code (2004) is insufficient since it does not take into account the temperature gradient of the bottom slab. Finally, some preventive measures against temperature cracks were proposed based on related studies. The conclusions can provide valuable reference for the design and construction of PC box-girder bridges.

关键词： box-girder bridge field test hydration heat temperature field temperature gradient thermal stress

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用于预测涡振稳态振幅的箱梁竖向涡激力简化非线性模型

朱乐东, 孟晓亮, 杜林清, 丁明畅

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 854-862 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.06.001

摘要：

采用同步测力测振大比例节段模型风洞试验方法，研究了作用在全封闭、半封闭和中央开槽三种典型箱梁上竖向涡激力的非线性特性，通过分析竖向涡激力不同成分的能量演化规律和对涡振响应的贡献，探索了竖向涡激共振的起振、发展和自限幅的机理。结果显示：不同类型箱梁的竖向涡激力的非线性成分通常会有所不同，但控制竖向涡激振动稳态响应幅值的最重要涡激力成分都是速度一次线性和三次非线性气动阻尼力成分。前者向振动系统提供了一个恒定的负气动阻尼比，因而是驱动涡振振幅发展的根本动力，而后者则向系统提供了一个与涡振速度平方成正比的正气动阻尼比，从而实质上成为导致涡振自限幅现象的内在因素。有鉴于此，本文提出了一个能高精度预测大跨度桥梁涡振稳态振幅的箱梁断面竖向涡激力通用简化非线性数学模型，并进行了验证。

关键词：箱形桥梁竖向涡激振动竖向涡激力简化非线性模型风洞试验大比例节段模型同步测力测振

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Fatigue stress monitoring and analyses for steel box girder of Runyang Suspension Bridge

WANG Ying, LI Zhaoxia, WU Baijian

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 197-204 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0038-2

摘要： The monitoring of fatigue stress of steel bridge is a key issue of bridge health monitoring and safety assessment. This paper aims to find out the strain history features of the girder components of Runyang Suspension Bridge (RYSB) under vehicle and environmental loading during its first year of service based on the strain-history data recorded by structural health monitoring system installed in the bridge. The fatigue stress spectrums of steel box girders under normal traffic load, heavy trucks and typhoon loads were studied as well as the correlation between varying strain and temperature based on real-time monitoring of temperature histories. The results show that, monitoring on local strain in health monitoring systems of RYSB can effectively provide the information on fatigue stresses. The range of the equivalent fatigue stress on the monitoring location of the bridge is currently low, mainly due to varying traffic loading and temperature. There exists significant correlation between varying temperature and mean value of fatigue stress. Effect of the passing of heavy trucks on bridge fatigue is quite significant since the value of the cumulative fatigue damage generated by heavy trucks is 10 to 100 times larger than that by normal traffic. Therefore, the effect on fatigue cumulative damage due to heavy trucks or overloaded vehicles needs to be monitored and paid much attention to.

关键词： bridge monitoring location RYSB traffic loading information